debian系统

1.系统安装

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/ziqibit/article/details/130060173

2.系统初始化

2.1 打开root权限登录

vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
#添加如下
PermitRootLogin yes
PasswordAuthentication yes

#重启sshd
/etc/init.d/ssh restart

2.2 配置网络

建议用nmtui配置网络！

如有特殊需求再按照如下方式去配置！
vi /etc/network/interfaces
##以下是配置固定IP的方法
## 开机自启
auto ens33
## 开启配置热生效
allow-hotplug ens33
## static静态，dhcp动态
iface ens33 inet static
## 静态IP地址
address 192.168.0.230
## 子网掩码
netmask 255.255.255.0
## 默认网关
gateway 192.168.0.1

##配置DNS
vi /etc/resolve.conf
nameserver 114.114.114.114

#关闭NetworkManager并重启网卡（建议不关闭NetworkManager，用nmtui配置地址）
systemctl stop NetworkManager
systemctl disable NetworkManager
systemctl restart networking.service

2.3 配置阿里源

cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
vi /etc/apt/sources.list
##清空并添加如下内容（二选一）
##阿里源
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib

##腾讯源（可选）
deb https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb-src https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib

#保存后更新
sudo apt-get update

#安装常用网络工具
apt install -y net-tools nmap tcpdump iperf curl vim openvpn git wget

2.4 设置ll命令

cd /root/
vim .bashrc
#把下面这行的注释取消掉
alias ll='ls $LS_OPTIONS -l'

#使其生效
source .bashrc

2.5 安装firewalld防火墙

apt install firewalld -y

debian12升级openssh-9.6